Irini Georgi

How did the manosphere become so popular?

Between the panic that all incels will turn into femicide perpetrators and the humor offered by alpha male influencers, let’s take a moment to understand why this is happening.

The global rise of feminism through pop culture and social media opened doors for many women’s communities. Women found empowerment spaces, gained platforms to speak, and for the first time, the world was (somewhat) paying attention. And the general message was “men are trash” for reasons we all know (which of course doesn’t mean all men, or that they are actually trash). But many men started feeling targeted.

Even worse, they felt marginalized. The manosphere was never made for handsome, wealthy men, but for the underprivileged—those who felt excluded from the dating scene (basically from sex), from relationships, and from love. For men who are poor and considered unattractive, and who are mostly not highly educated, it seemed like some kind of solution.

These men may have experienced rejection or even contempt from women in their lives, and haven’t processed the pain. Many may not have even dared make a move toward women, because they lack basic social skills. According to manosphere advice, all one needs is confidence, to lightly insult the woman, and to speak in riddles—then you can get any woman into bed.

These underprivileged men have been experiencing what’s been called the “male loneliness epidemic” for years. And they’re suffering. They needed someone to listen to their problems, someone to speak to them, when Hollywood, flashy influencers, and mainstream culture left them out. They needed guidance. There was a huge gap in the market.

And it didn’t take long for something to fill it. It started in gaming forums, and then expanded to other forums (4chan, Reddit), where they shared experiences, thoughts, and feelings—and this was genuinely positive, because many young men who had lived in social isolation finally gained a sense of community. They needed support—and they found it.

With the rise of video content, some figures stood out and became influencers. Some, like fitness influencers, pivoted into this niche because it was so lucrative. That’s how we got people like Jordan Peterson, who came with the seal of academic legitimacy (though he’s now been cast out of the academic community). He sensed the market demand for male role models and pseudo-scientific authority, exploited it, and became famous.

The problem is, instead of identifying the real enemy behind male oppression—which is The System, specifically Capitalism and Patriarchy (and White Supremacy)—they decided their enemy was feminism. In a distortion of reality, they use feminist arguments to convince their audience that men are victims of feminism. They quote stats on suicide, depression, addiction, etc., as proof. But they refuse to see that it’s patriarchy, the man-box, and the demands of stereotypical masculinity that are to blame.

They don’t blame patriarchy—because that would mean relinquishing privilege and comfort. So it’s more convenient to blame women and feminism. Why? Because feminism gave women the ability to survive without marrying, and the choice to not pair up with men they don’t like—in other words, not with them, the men who believe access to sex should be their right. So, feminism, and anything progressive, is the enemy.

And because a return to “traditional values” implies conservatism, all of this became embedded in alt-right rhetoric (which is not “alt” at all, but far-right). It became a package deal. While the manosphere crowd believes it’s unfair to have to pay for a woman’s coffee if they manage to get a date, at the same time they want right-wing politics and hate woke culture.

They don’t see the truth. And it’s ironic and tragic that they see as an enemy the very movement that is actually on their side—the movement that could genuinely improve their lives. Not by offering them sex. But by offering collective healing tools that could make relationships with women possible.

History of the Manosphere

It began in the early 2000s as a collection of blogs, forums, and YouTube channels focused on men’s issues. At some point, it started to function as a counter-movement to feminism.
The term “manosphere” emerged around 2009–2010 to describe the online ecosystem where these ideas developed.

Its foundations were built on older men’s movements, like the Men’s Rights Movement (MRM) from the 1970s–80s, which focused on divorce, child custody, and false rape accusations.

2000s–2010s:
Pickup Artists (PUA) led by gurus like Neil Strauss with his book “The Game”, which taught men how to “seduce” women—basically by saying things like “I like you, even though you’re a bit chubby” to get them into bed.

Mid-2010s:
The rise of Red Pill ideology (named after The Matrix), promoting the idea that men must “wake up” and realize that women actually hold power in society, while being inferior, dirty, immoral, etc.

2016–present:
Incels—the evolution of Red Pill thinking. Men who hate women and feminism for denying them access to sex.

MGTOW (Men Going Their Own Way):
Men who completely give up on the idea of relationships.

Connections to the far-right, white supremacy, anti-LGBTQ, and anti-woke rhetoric grow.
We see the rise of the “hustler” ideal through crypto culture—the man who makes loads of money and has as many women as he wants, using and exploiting them like objects. (See: Andrew Tate.)

Core Beliefs:

  • Biological determinism: Gender roles are biologically predetermined, and it’s foolish to try to escape them.
  • Men as victims: Men are the oppressed ones; we live under matriarchy; feminism is misandry and “feminazism.”
  • Cheap self-improvement: At the beginning, there was talk about self-care, confidence, and fitness—but misogyny got way more views. Over time, self-improvement shifted from a process of inner growth and healing into a performance of dominance and control. Instead of fostering emotional maturity, it became a show—a curated display of masculinity, power, and “social value.”
  • Monetization: Enter hustler culture, with millions of desperate men paying for subscriptions to ridiculous “gurus” offering seminars on how to get women or make money—naturally, with little to no real results. The promise was always the same: quick success, sex, power. The reality? Usually full of disappointment and burnout.

Impact

  • Connection to violence: Incels who went out and shot people (e.g., Elliot Rodger, 2014).
  • Platform bans: Reddit, YouTube, and Facebook started limiting manosphere content (2018–2020), but TikTok let them run wild for far too long. In 2022, Andrew Tate was banned, but he remains a legend, with countless others trying to take his place.
  • Legacy: There are still online corners where the manosphere thrives, but it’s no longer quite as “cool.” The “gym bro podcasts” are everywhere, but they’ve become meme-worthy. The slightly more polished successors of this ideology have shifted to life coaching and dating coaching, always with an emphasis on confidence—but still rooted in the same old worldview.
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The Netflix series we needed

I made a video a while ago where, at the beginning, I mentioned that teenage boys can be somewhat scary and intimidating to women. A lot of people were outraged in the comments—why was I saying that? What did I mean? I explained:

“Teenage boys go through a phase where they need to prove their masculinity to one another and to the outside world. It becomes a performance, a spectacle, and unfortunately, this often translates not just into shouting loudly and swearing but also into harshness—because that’s what patriarchy has taught them. That sweetness and kindness are signs of feminine behavior and weakness, things to be avoided at all costs.”

In the introduction of my book, Who Women Want, I say that not all women want the same thing—because women are people. They are not bees with a hive mind.

The closest thing to a hive mind isn’t found in women but in boys growing into men. Not because boys are less intelligent or because they are simple creatures—none of that nonsense, don’t worry.

It’s because of the man-box. These characteristics that become the “masculinity meter,” the standard by which boys measure and evaluate one another, and anyone who deviates is pushed to the margins. That’s why breaking the cycle of stereotypical masculinity is so difficult—because of fear. Boys are constantly weighing and testing one another in a relentless effort to prove they are “man enough,” so they don’t fall in the hierarchy and risk being ostracized. Keep that word in mind.

Sophisticated, educated (or posh) types like us, who stand on the other side and fail to see the suffering of boys, who only see the shouting, the swearing, the bullying, and the behaviors we label as “toxic masculinity”, we bear responsibility.

We are the ones who use difficult words like ostracized and exclude them, and right when we talk about dismantling privilege, we flaunt it.

The anger toward difficult words reminded me of a play I watched last year that had me crying from start to finish: Another Thebes. It reminded me of a young man I once dated. We’d met online—our lives ran on parallel tracks, and we would never have crossed paths in real life. I called him The Bronx. I’d written about him:

“His vocabulary consists of about a hundred words. He’s uninterested in anything beyond his own life. He doesn’t read, gets bored even watching movies, and finds nothing enjoyable except women, motorcycles and food. We have absolutely nothing in common. He constantly insults me, belittles me, and sometimes it’s exhausting.

But I ignore it. I don’t know how I realized this, but I know he doesn’t mean any of it. And I don’t take it to heart, which even impresses me. It’s like he has to say these things, so I don’t think he’s ‘soft,’ so he appears strong in my eyes, to maintain some invisible, unknown standard that I can’t even fathom. He insults me and I tell him I want him. He replies with a hundred kisses, tells me he’s thinking of me, then insults me again—then says he wants to hold me tight.

He would get angry whenever I used difficult words—angry at me even though he was actually angry at himself.

One day, we had ordered pizza. We were sitting on the bed, and he was still eating. At that moment, I had let my guard down, and without thinking, I reached out and stroked his beard. It lasted a few seconds. He turned to look at me. Oh shit, I messed up, I thought—he’s going to have a go at me.

Instead, he said, ‘Irini, I have pizza, music, and you stroking my beard. It doesn’t get much better than this. I don’t know how I’ll ever get over it.’ And he didn’t say it sarcastically. But of course, right after that, he took it back and started insulting me again.”

Sometimes, you get a glimpse of the boy beneath the mask. Sometimes, they show it to you on purpose—because they know that you, the overly emotional woman, crave to see it. It’s precious to you, and you’ll do anything to protect it. So they show it to you in order to take advantage of you.

But sometimes, they can’t control it, and the mask falls. And beneath the man, there is the boy.

“Do you like me?”

That desperate need to be accepted and loved—a need that both men and women share. But men are only allowed to satisfy it through sex. The fact that they aren’t allowed anything else destroys them—because on some level, they know.

They see what they’re missing. They see the magical world of women, full of sharing, emotion, and touch that isn’t shameful. They see it through the glass, like The Little Match Girl, and they know it’s not for them.

A tenderness they can’t touch. And that makes them angry, but with a rage that has no clear target. They don’t know how to be angry at society, and they’re not yet capable of being angry at themselves. (That comes later—with addictions, gambling, substances and other self-sabotage and self-destructive habits).

So they get angry, because anger is the only negative emotion men are allowed to express. But beneath the tip of the iceberg, it’s not anger. It’s sadness. It’s grief. It’s the pain of losing something they never had, but could have had, if only they weren’t required to be men.

And when women deny them sex, the only form of intimacy they’re allowed to seek, that makes them even angrier. A rage that terrifies women, forcing them to live in fear. And so they get angry too. They insult men—all men—because they want to stop fearing them. And men, in turn, get even angrier, hating the women who reject them because they fear them. Many find comfort in the arms of the manosphere.

Even when they’re in relationships, many men only get a fleeting glimpse, just a sliver, of what true freedom could feel like. The freedom to not constantly fear your own shadow in a world that judges you by how masculine you appear to be. The freedom to be accepted as you are, to be told you are enough. A mere idea of what love might feel like. But that light and brilliance scare them because they’ve spent their whole lives in the dark.

They become avoidant. The tenderness of staying is unbearable. Just as they get close, they pull away again. The light is not for them. They prefer to keep a safe distance, wearing loneliness as armor, fortified in their stronghold of self-sufficiency and autonomy. This is the prison of masculinity—even within a relationship, even within a marriage.

I’ll bring money home and protect you (from whom?), and you’ll have food ready, sex available, a clean house, and care for me when I need it. Closeness and connection, in moderation, because it is blindingly terrifying.

And women are left with bitterness, which is a mixture of pain and shame. The bitterness of an overflowing river of tenderness that has nowhere to go because the one it’s meant for refuses to receive it, except as home care or emotional labor. Tenderness that freezes and hardens instead of flowing from its spring.

The light is not for them—unless they were lucky enough to have parents who had all the colors on their palette and the willingness and ability to paint outside the lines. The invisible privilege that becomes a kaleidoscope. Parents who were emotionally present. Parents who were intentionally boring. Parents who were generous givers, both in words and actions, of love and attention, love for who you are, not for what you achieve or accomplish. Predictably, consistently, unwaveringly.

Except for the rare few who managed to do it alone, even with parents in the grey. The greatest challenge is transcending masculinity itself. It’s what we beg men to do, but they won’t do it just because we beg. No matter how much we beg. It’s a singularity—a space-time anomaly. They need the right stimuli at the right moment, repeatedly, aligned with a sequence of experiences that slowly confirm an initially vague and unformed idea: Maybe something in the world we know isn’t quite right.

And once the singularity occurs, it takes effort—an effort few are willing to make. It takes curiosity. It takes time. It takes energy. But above all, it takes what we hear in therapy: lean into the uncomfortable. To lean in and sit with discomfort. Until it becomes familiar. Because new ideas and beliefs can be uncomfortable at first—like new shoes. You have to try them on, walk in them, break them in until they become part of you, fitting you perfectly, until you never look back. Not just because you chose them, but because if you ever try to wear the old ones again, you wonder how you ever endured the rotten soles and the holes that let water seep in.

“How did you feel when your father looked at you with shame?”
We talk about the male gaze toward women, but not about the male gaze toward men. The gaze that measures and evaluates. Are you man enough? And so many boys, so many men, feel ashamed of the male gaze upon them—because it finds them lacking, because ithe man they look up to is ashamed of them.

Shame—not for something they did, but for who they are.

“I don’t deserve hot chocolate; I shouted”
I don’t deserve that much grace. I don’t deserve that much kindness. I don’t deserve love for who I am because I am not good enough. Something inside me—or about me—excludes me from the privilege of being loved for who I am. Something, sometime, made me believe this. And I will carry it all my life, and so will those who come close to me. And if I don’t let it go, it will define me until I die. Or until I destroy another life.

“We have to accept that we could have done more.”
From this story, you will remember the boy. But you must also remember the father. He was as good as he could be, but he should have been better. How could he be better with the father he had? I don’t know. I do know that masculinity is a generational issue—and a social one.

We should have done more. Who? All of us.

Parents must be present. Teenagers must question their parents, they must stop seeing them as gods and recognize them as flawed human beings. And parents must accept this loss and step back, slowly, carefully, with a steady love and unspoken safety nets. Because only then can children move forward and surpass them.

The debt is not to the past but to the future.

The debt is to the next generation. But what do you do when the next generation moves backward instead of forward? When it rediscovers lies we thought we had left behind, repackaging them in new, shinier package, this time not in books no one will read, but in short-form videos with millions of views. Coated in baby oil on the arms of alpha male influencers on TikTok.

We were not prepared for this.

Parenting is the hardest job in the world, yet everyone is doomed to do it as an amateur. Clumsy, awkward, imperfect—at best. Or much, much worse. No matter how many resources, books, and mental health professionals exist, there will always be a gap in understanding. The world of teenagers will always be a mystery to the world of adults.

We were not prepared for the fact that while a child sits quietly in their room, staring at a screen, their life might slowly be unraveling. Invisibly. Silently. And boys have been taught not to ask for help. Why? Because they have to be men.

We should have done more. Who? Everyone. Children are not raised by their parents alone. They are not raised in a bubble or a greenhouse. Every child is shaped by every classmate and, therefore, by every parent at school. They are shaped by everything they see or read. By every celebrity who becomes a role model. By social media. By pornography. Every child is raised by society. We all take part in raising them. We need to do more.

 

 

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The truth about incels

A modern feminist approach challenging the narrative & creating change

Incels are often seen as villains in many feminist circles. They are the enemy, just like feminism is their enemy. But there should be no war at all. In reality, the vast majority of men who identify as incels aren’t mass murderers but depressed, isolated and underprivileged men who harm themselves more so than others. Feminism ought to stand by their side, because feminism should mean empathy and solidarity.

The problem

Incels perceive themselves as having lower value as romantic or sexual partners than other men. They place excessive importance on physical attractiveness and financial prospects to attract women, and underestimate women’s preferences for intelligence, kindness and humour. Incels’ inaccurate perception of what women desire in partnerships, leads to blaming women as well as other men for their lack of romantic success.

The role of dating apps

Rejection on dating apps amplifies their beliefs, with adverse consequences on their mental health. They create a distorted self-perception with low self-esteem, develop maladaptive coping mechanisms, and avoid accountability for their actions. By projecting their insecurities onto external reality, they reinforce patriarchal values and dehumanize the women they seek to date, further reducing their chances of romantic success.

A vicious cycle

Rejection sensitivity refers to an individual’s heightened and often anxious response to the perceived possibility of rejection or social exclusion. It seems that in rejecting themselves and believing they will not be good enough for potential partners, incels believe everyone else will agree. This may contribute to self-isolation and hostile behaviour, making them more dismissive of others and resulting in an unfortunate self-fulfilling prophecy.

The solution

It’s time to stop blaming incels and start blaming the society that raised them. Unlearning harmful anti-feminist ideals and seeking education on women’s lived experiences, is the start. Learning to cultivate trust in humanity, building one’s self-esteem with deep work, by seeking social and mental health support and recognizing that romantic relationships are possible for everyone, is the key to creating meaningful change.

My work is to help and guide men through the path of escaping maladaptive thinking and behaviour patterns that harm them and their possibilities of forming healthy relationships. I can help men redefine their ideas of masculinity and femininity and understand the female experience. Understanding leads to empathy and empathy leads to connection, which is marks the start of relationships. Let me be part of your journey and guide you through. It’s time for change!

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